BEYOND ACCESS: EXPLAINING THE INTENTION-BEHAVIOUR GAP IN LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT USE WITHIN TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v24i44.2249Keywords:
Transit-Oriented Development, Theory of Planned Behaviour, PLS-SEM, public transport behaviour, Jakarta, Light Rail TransitAbstract
Despite the proximity of apartment complexes to Jabodebek Light Rail Transit (LRT) stations, ridership within Jakarta’s Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) areas remains below expectations. This study applies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to examine factors associated with Behavioural Reluctance to Use LRT among TOD apartment residents. The results show that Attitude and Subjective Norm are significantly associated with Intention, while Perceived Behavioural Control is negatively associated with Intention, contrary to the hypothesised direction. Both Intention and Perceived Behavioural Control are significantly associated with Behavioural Reluctance to Use LRT, with Perceived Behavioural Control emerging as the strongest predictor. Environmental Norm is not significantly associated with Intention. The model explains 58.3% of the variance in Intention, 49.5% in Habit, and 35.9% in Behavioural Reluctance to Use LRT. However, relationships involving Attitude, Subjective Norm, Intention, and Habit should be regarded as provisional because discriminant validity was not fully established. By contrast, the association between Perceived Behavioural Control and behavioural reluctance represents the most consistently supported relationship in the estimated model.
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