KEY FACTORS IN DEVELOPING TOURIST PEDESTRIAN ROUTES IN THE HISTORICAL CITY OF KHIVA

Authors

  • Adilov Zarif Khimmatovich Faculty of Architecture, TASHKENT UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
  • Ziad Baydoun Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, UNIVERSITI MALAYA
  • Tajibaev Jurat Xamroyevich Faculty of Architecture, TASHKENT UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
  • Matniyazov Zafar Erkinovich Faculty of Architecture, TASHKENT UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
  • Khasanov Azamat Ozadovich Faculty of Architecture, TASHKENT UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v23i38.1806

Keywords:

Tourist Pedestrian Routes (TPR), urban planning, pedestrian flow modelling, historical city infrastructure, sustainable tourism development

Abstract

Optimizing pedestrian routes in historical cities is crucial for balancing heritage preservation and tourism accessibility. Despite growing interest in structured tourist pedestrian routes (TPRs), studies on pedestrian movement in heritage sites often lack quantitative analysis of efficiency and infrastructure deficiencies. This study addresses these gaps by analysing pedestrian flow dynamics in Khiva’s historic centre using field observations, pedestrian flow modelling, and regression analysis. Results indicate that inadequate infrastructure, unprotected walkways, and insufficient safety measures hinder movement efficiency, especially at key intersections during peak evening hours. Regression analysis demonstrates that increased pedestrian density reduces mobility, emphasizing the need for simulation-based planning. Findings highlight the complexity of pedestrian behaviour and the importance of strategic urban design. This study provides recommendations for designated pedestrian corridors, improved safety features, and inclusive infrastructure, contributing to sustainable urban planning and tourism management while preserving cultural heritage in Uzbekistan’s historical cities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Baydoun, Z., Alghamdi, N. A., & Kamarudin, Z. (2023). The Islamic Art and Design Elements Applied in The Islamic City, A Case Study of Putrajaya Islamic City. Planning Malaysia, 21(1), 314–328. https://doi.org/10.21837/PM.V21I25.1241

Baydoun, Z., Baydoun, M., Mustafa, M. H., Kadi, S., & Khasanov, A. (2025). THE ENDURING LEGACY OF MASHRABIYA IN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN. PLANNING MALAYSIA, 23.

Baydoun, Z., Norishah, T., Baydoun, R., & Adam, M. (2024). Placement Principles of Islamic Calligraphy in Architecture: Insights from the Al-Hambra and Al-Azem Palaces. Buildings, 14(7), 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/BUILDINGS14072025

Bolikulovich, K. O. (Khaitov). (2021). Architecture of the City of Samarkand in the Years of Independence. Academicia Globe, 2(07), 174–180. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SGDBF

CAREC Tourism Strategy 2030. (2020). https://doi.org/10.22617/TCS200382-2

Chen, X., Dong, W., & Zheng, S. (2018). Modeling pedestrian flow in heritage tourism areas: A case study in Lijiang, China. Tourism Geographies, 20(2), 269–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1357140

Dai, X. ;, Liu, M. ;, Lin, Q., Dai, X., Liu, M., & Lin, Q. (2024). Research on Optimization Strategies of Regional Cross-Border Transportation Networks—Implications for the Construction of Cross-Border Transport Corridors in Xinjiang. Sustainability, 16(13), 5337. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU16135337

Dariyadi, M. W., Baydoun, Z., Kamarudin, Z., & Murtadho, N. (2022). The Islamic art and design elements applied in the Islamic city. City, Territory and Architecture, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/S40410-022-00155-4/TABLES/2

Doniyorov, A., & Karimov, N. R. (2024). Uzbekistan's Journey: Transition from Soviet Republic to Independent Nation. https://doi.org/10.5220/0012962300003882

Helbing, D., & Molnár, P. (1995). Social force model for pedestrian dynamics. Physical Review E, 51(5), 4282–4286. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.51.4282

Jamshid, K. (2024). Opportunities For Tourism In Uzbekistan. Web of Discoveries: Journal of Analysis and Inventions, 2(11), 50–53. http://webofjournals.com/index.php/3/article/view/2286

Johansson, A. (2009). Constant net-time headway as a key mechanism behind pedestrian flow dynamics. Physical Review E, 80(2), 026120. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.80.026120

Kakhkharov, J., Makushina, A., Umarov, A., & Ambartsumyan, A. (2020). Accelerated development of the tourism industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(1), 1116–1126. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I1/PR200214

Khamroev, U. (2024). DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN UZBEKISTAN AND INCREASING THE NUMBER OF FOREIGN TOURISTS. ACTIVIST SCIENCE, 1(1). https://interspp.com/index.php/as/article/view/439

Kuldashev, S. M., & Karimov, N. R. (2024). A Study of Islamic and Central Asian Influences on the Architectural Heritage of Uzbekistan. https://doi.org/10.5220/0012963000003882

Nematov, R. A. (2024). Reflection Of The History Of Khorezm In The Early Middle Ages In Written Sources. Решение Социальных Проблем в Управлении и Экономике, 3(12), 72–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14556952

Niri, J. S. (n.d.). Review of the City of Khiva:Manifestation of Iranian Culture and Civilization in the Region of Khwarezm.

Saltarin-Molino, M. A., Moros-Daza, A., & Camacho-Sanchez, C. (2023). Taking steps forward: Innovative evaluation of pedestrian infrastructure through a multivariate analysis. Case Studies on Transport Policy, 14, 101091. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CSTP.2023.101091

Sartori, P., & Sartori, P. (2021). Khiva 1873: the «archive» that never was. Quaderni Storici, LVI(2/2021), 439–470. https://doi.org/10.1408/102882

Shaaban, K., & Kim, I. (2016). Assessment of the environmental and economic impacts of adaptive traffic control. Procedia Computer Science, 83, 513–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.04.254

Sukma, I., & Telaumbanua, M. (2024). Samarkand under the Rule of Timur: Transformation of the City into a Center of Islamic Art and Architecture. Proceeding International Seminar and Conference on Islamic Studies (ISCIS), 0(3). https://doi.org/10.47006/ISCIS.V0I3.21921

Yakhyayev, A., Adilov, Z., Umarov, O., & Rahmonov, A. (2024). Improving the Principles of Complex Organization of Landscape Environment Design of Uzbekistan Cities. AIP Conference Proceedings, 3244(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0241459/3322806

Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, Z., & Chen, Y. (2022). Real-time pedestrian flow detection and prediction in smart cities using deep learning and IoT. Sustainable Cities and Society, 76, 103473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103473

Downloads

Published

2025-10-16

How to Cite

Khimmatovich, A. Z., Baydoun, Z., Xamroyevich, T. J., Erkinovich, M. Z., & Ozadovich, K. A. (2025). KEY FACTORS IN DEVELOPING TOURIST PEDESTRIAN ROUTES IN THE HISTORICAL CITY OF KHIVA. PLANNING MALAYSIA, 23(38). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v23i38.1806

Issue

Vol. 23 (2025): PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL : Volume 23, Issue 4, 2025

Section

Article

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.

Copyright & Creative Commons Licence

eISSN: 0128-0945 © Year. The Authors. Published for Malaysian Institute of Planners. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

The authors hold the copyright without restrictions and also retain publishing rights without restrictions.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>