THE ECONOMICS Vs SUSTAINABILITY IN ECOTOURISM SITES PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE IMPACT OF LANTEBUNG MANGROVE FOREST ECOTOURISM ON THE COMMUNITY'S SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v23i38.1778Keywords:
Sustainable Livelihood, Ecotourism, Sustainable Tourism PolicyAbstract
The study evaluates the Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism Area (LMEA), managed by the Tourism Awareness Group (TAG), focusing on its economic contribution and potential to promote community awareness for ecosystem sustainability as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 187 respondents were interviewed and scored the human, social, natural, physical, and financial capital indicators of TAG individuals to create a pentagonal asset framework. The findings indicate that TAG LMEA has significant natural and social capital due to its ecological tourism potential and stakeholder support. The natural capital score was 2.52 (high), and the social capital score was 2.37 (high). In contrast, the measured values for human capital (1.63), physical capital (1.51), and financial capital (1.63) are insufficient. The study demonstrates a reciprocal relationship between financial and human capital, wherein community engagement fosters growth and participation in LMEA governance. Stakeholder trust is affected by human and social capital, necessitating government regulation of the "Build-Operate-Takeover" paradigm to protect vulnerable people from the adverse impacts of financial capital. Due to their limited knowledge, a "collaborator" component is essential to aid TAG in overseeing green tourism enterprises.
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